TL;DR: Winterize above ground pool with air pillow in 7 steps: balance water chemistry (pH 7.2 to 7.6, alkalinity 80 to 120 ppm), add winterizing chemicals, clean pool thoroughly, lower water level 4 to 6 inches, install and secure air pillow, install winter cover, and secure cover with clips or cable. Air pillow prevents ice damage by creating peak that sheds water and debris. Total cost: $100 to $250 for DIY winterization. Air pillow costs $15 to $40 and lasts 3 to 5 years. Proper winterization with air pillow protects pool walls and ensures easy spring opening.
SEO Summary: Complete 2026 guide to winterizing above ground pool with air pillow covering water chemistry balance, winterizing chemical application, thorough cleaning, water level adjustment, air pillow selection and installation, winter cover installation, and proper securing methods. Expert advice on air pillow sizing, inflation, anchoring, ice damage prevention, and spring removal for optimal above ground pool winter protection.
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Table of Contents
Step 1: Balance Water Chemistry Before Closing
Proper water chemistry balance is the foundation of successful pool winterization. Balanced water prevents algae growth, protects pool surfaces, and ensures clear water at spring opening. For above ground pools, proper chemistry is particularly important because the pool walls and liner are more vulnerable to damage from unbalanced water than inground pool surfaces.
Begin water chemistry testing at least one week before closing. This timing allows you to make adjustments and retest to ensure proper balance. Test pH, total alkalinity, calcium hardness, and chlorine levels. Use a reliable test kit for accurate results. Digital test kits or professional water analysis provide the most precise measurements.
The Taylor K 1000 Basic Residential Pool and Spa Test Kit provides accurate water testing for proper chemical balance before winterization.
Target Water Balance Parameters
Aim for pH between 7.2 to 7.6, with 7.4 being ideal. This slightly alkaline range prevents corrosion of metal components while inhibiting algae growth. Total alkalinity should be between 80 to 120 ppm, with 100 ppm being optimal. Alkalinity buffers pH, preventing rapid pH swings during winter. Calcium hardness should be between 175 to 250 ppm for above ground pools with vinyl liners. This range is lower than for concrete pools because vinyl does not leach calcium.
Chlorine level should be between 1 to 3 ppm before adding winterizing chemicals. Do not over chlorinate before closing, as excessive chlorine can damage vinyl liners. Combined chlorine (chloramines) should be below 0.2 ppm. If combined chlorine is high, shock the pool and allow chlorine to drop to normal levels before proceeding with winterization.
Adjusting Water Chemistry
Adjust alkalinity first, as it stabilizes pH. Add alkalinity increaser if levels are low, or muriatic acid if levels are high. Wait 4 to 6 hours after adjusting alkalinity before testing and adjusting pH. Add pH increaser (soda ash) or pH decreaser (muriatic acid) as needed. Make small adjustments and retest, as pH changes quickly.
Adjust calcium hardness last. Add calcium increaser if levels are low. If calcium is too high, the only solution is partial water replacement, which should be done well before winterization. For vinyl liner pools, slightly low calcium (150 to 175 ppm) is preferable to high calcium, which can cause scaling.
Step 2: Add Winterizing Chemicals
Winterizing chemicals protect your pool from algae growth, staining, and scale formation during winter months. These specialized chemicals are formulated to work in cold water and provide long lasting protection. For above ground pools, winterizing chemicals are essential because the smaller water volume is more susceptible to chemical depletion and algae growth.
The winterizing chemical kit typically includes pool shock, winterizing algaecide, and stain and scale preventer. Each serves a specific purpose in protecting your pool. Apply these chemicals in the correct sequence and allow proper circulation time between applications for maximum effectiveness.
The In The Swim Pool Winterizing and Closing Chemical Kit provides complete chemical protection for pools up to 15,000 gallons with all necessary winterizing chemicals.
Winterizing Chemical Application Sequence
Start by shocking the pool in the evening, 24 to 48 hours before final closing. Use calcium hypochlorite shock at the rate of 1 pound per 10,000 gallons. Shocking eliminates bacteria, algae spores, and organic contaminants. Run the pump for 8 to 12 hours after shocking to ensure complete circulation. Do not add other chemicals until chlorine drops below 5 ppm.
The HTH Ultimate Shock Treatment 6 Pack provides powerful chlorine shock for eliminating algae and contaminants before winterization.
Add winterizing algaecide 24 hours after shocking. Use a copper based or polymer algaecide specifically labeled for winterization. Add the recommended amount based on your pool size, typically 1 quart per 10,000 to 20,000 gallons. Pour the algaecide around the pool perimeter while the pump is running. Circulate for at least 24 hours to ensure even distribution.
Add stain and scale preventer as the final chemical treatment, 24 hours after algaecide application. This product sequesters metals and minerals in the water, preventing them from depositing on pool surfaces during winter. Follow manufacturer directions for dosage. Circulate for 24 hours after adding stain preventer.
Step 3: Clean Pool Thoroughly
Thorough cleaning before winterization is critical for preventing algae growth and staining. Any dirt, debris, or organic matter left in the pool provides nutrients for algae during winter. Above ground pools with vinyl liners are particularly susceptible to staining, making pre closing cleaning especially important.
Begin cleaning at least one week before closing to allow time for multiple cleaning sessions if needed. Start by removing all large debris using a leaf skimmer. Remove leaves, twigs, toys, and any other floating objects. Empty and clean skimmer and pump baskets thoroughly.
Brushing and Vacuuming
Brush the entire pool surface thoroughly, including walls, floor, and steps. Use a soft bristle brush designed for vinyl liners. Never use wire brushes or abrasive scrubbers, as these can damage the liner. Brush in overlapping strokes, working from the shallow end toward the deep end. Pay special attention to corners and areas around fittings where algae and dirt accumulate.
The Swimline H2O Pro Pool Brush effectively removes algae and debris from vinyl liner surfaces without causing damage.
Vacuum the pool thoroughly after brushing. Use a manual vacuum or automatic pool cleaner to remove all sediment and debris from the pool floor. Vacuum slowly and methodically, ensuring complete coverage. For stubborn dirt or algae spots, brush again and re vacuum. The pool should be spotlessly clean before proceeding with winterization.
The XtremepowerUS Automatic Pool Cleaner Vacuum provides efficient cleaning for thorough debris removal before winterization.
Cleaning Waterline and Accessories
Clean the waterline thoroughly using a soft cloth and vinyl liner cleaner. Remove all scale, scum, and dirt from this area. The waterline is particularly prone to staining during winter. Remove and clean all pool accessories including ladders, handrails, and pool toys. Store them in a dry location for winter.
Step 4: Lower Water Level Properly
Lowering the water level is an important step in above ground pool winterization. The proper water level protects the skimmer from freeze damage while maintaining enough water to support the pool walls. Unlike inground pools, above ground pools require careful attention to water level because the walls need water support to maintain their shape.
Lower the water level to 4 to 6 inches below the skimmer opening. This level protects the skimmer from freeze damage while keeping enough water in the pool to support the walls. Never drain an above ground pool completely, as this can cause the walls to collapse inward or the liner to shrink and become damaged.
Water Removal Methods
Use the pool's waste or backwash function to lower water level if your filter system allows. Alternatively, use a submersible pump to remove water. Place the pump in the shallow end and pump water to an appropriate drainage area, following local regulations for pool water disposal. Monitor the water level carefully during draining. Stop when water reaches the target level of 4 to 6 inches below the skimmer.
Winterizing Pool Equipment
After lowering the water level, winterize pool equipment. Remove all drain plugs from the pump and filter. Store the plugs in the pump basket so they do not get lost. Blow out the skimmer and return lines using a shop vac or air compressor. Install winterizing plugs in the skimmer and return fittings to prevent water from re entering the lines.
The The Winter Duck Plug Pool Closing Accessories seals pool openings preventing water re entry and freeze damage during winter.
Step 5: Install and Secure Air Pillow
The air pillow is a critical component of above ground pool winterization. This inflatable device floats in the center of the pool under the winter cover, creating a peak that sheds water and debris. More importantly, the air pillow absorbs the pressure of expanding ice, protecting pool walls from damage. Without an air pillow, ice forming in the pool can push outward against the walls, potentially causing permanent damage.
Air pillows come in various sizes, typically 4 by 4 feet, 4 by 8 feet, or 4 by 15 feet. Choose a size appropriate for your pool. For round pools up to 24 feet in diameter, a 4 by 4 foot pillow is adequate. For larger round pools or oval pools, use a 4 by 8 foot pillow. For very large oval pools, consider using two pillows or a 4 by 15 foot pillow.
The HydroTools by Swimline Pool Air Pillow for Pool Covers prevents ice damage and creates peak for water shedding with durable construction.
Inflating the Air Pillow
Inflate the air pillow to approximately 60 to 70% capacity. Do not fully inflate the pillow, as this makes it too rigid and reduces its ability to absorb ice pressure. A partially inflated pillow compresses as ice forms, absorbing the expansion force and protecting pool walls. Use an air pump, shop vac on blow mode, or even a leaf blower to inflate the pillow.
Most air pillows include a valve for inflation. Insert the air source into the valve and inflate until the pillow is firm but still has some give when pressed. If you can easily compress the pillow by several inches, it is properly inflated. If it feels rock hard, release some air. Seal the valve securely after inflation.
Positioning and Securing the Pillow
Place the inflated air pillow in the center of the pool. The pillow should float freely on the water surface. To keep the pillow centered, attach it to the pool using rope or cord. Thread rope through the pillow's grommets or tie it around the pillow. Attach the other end of the rope to opposite sides of the pool, creating an X pattern that holds the pillow in the center.
Some pool owners attach the pillow to the pool deck or top rail. Others simply let it float freely, relying on the cover to hold it in place. For best results, secure the pillow loosely so it can move slightly but remains generally centered. This allows the pillow to adjust as ice forms while maintaining its protective position.
Step 6: Install Winter Cover Over Air Pillow
The winter cover is your pool's primary protection against debris, sunlight, and weather. For above ground pools, the cover works in conjunction with the air pillow to provide complete winter protection. The air pillow creates a peak in the cover that sheds water and debris, while the cover blocks sunlight and keeps contaminants out.
Choose a quality winter cover sized for your pool. Above ground pool covers are typically sized to match the pool diameter or dimensions with several feet of overlap. Solid covers block all sunlight and debris but require removing accumulated water. Mesh covers allow water to drain through but permit some sunlight and fine debris to enter. For above ground pools, solid covers are generally preferred.
The Swimline Deluxe 28 Foot Round Pool Solid Winter Cover provides complete protection with 10 year warranty and durable construction.
Cover Installation Procedure
Unfold the cover and center it over the pool. The air pillow should be visible beneath the cover, creating a peak in the center. Ensure the cover has adequate overlap on all sides, typically 3 to 4 feet beyond the pool wall. For round pools, rotate the cover until it is evenly positioned. For oval pools, align the cover with the pool shape.
The cover should drape over the air pillow, creating a tent like shape. This shape is critical for shedding water and debris. If the cover lies flat despite the air pillow, the pillow may not be inflated enough or may not be properly positioned. Adjust the pillow as needed before securing the cover.
Installing Cover Pump for Solid Covers
If using a solid cover, install a cover pump to remove accumulated water. Place the pump on the cover surface near the edge, not on top of the air pillow. The pump should sit in a low spot where water naturally accumulates. Connect the discharge hose and route it away from the pool. Plug the pump into a GFCI protected outlet and test its operation.
The HydroTools by Swimline 500 Gallon Per Hour Submersible Electric Pool Cover Pump automatically removes water from solid covers throughout winter.
Step 7: Secure Cover with Clips or Cable
Properly securing the winter cover is the final and critical step in winterization. An unsecured or poorly secured cover can blow off in wind, allowing debris and precipitation into the pool. For above ground pools, cover securing methods differ from inground pools. The most common methods are cover clips and cable with winch systems.
Cover clips attach directly to the pool's top rail, holding the cover edge securely in place. These clips are simple to install and provide reliable securing. Cable and winch systems thread a cable through grommets in the cover, then tighten the cable around the pool perimeter using a winch. This method provides very secure attachment and even tension around the entire cover.
The Doheny's Swimming Pool Above Ground Winter Cover Clips 24 Pack securely attaches covers to pool rails preventing wind lift and damage.
Installing Cover Clips
Cover clips install quickly and easily. Position a clip on the pool's top rail, then pull the cover edge over the clip and snap it into place. The clip grips both the top rail and the cover edge, holding the cover securely. Install clips every 2 to 3 feet around the entire pool perimeter. Use more clips in areas prone to high winds or where the cover seems loose.
Ensure clips are evenly spaced and properly engaged. Each clip should grip the cover firmly without tearing the material. If a clip seems loose or the cover pulls away easily, reposition the clip or add additional clips nearby. Check all clips after installation to ensure they are secure.
Installing Cable and Winch System
Cable and winch systems provide maximum cover security. Thread the cable through the grommets in the cover edge, working your way around the entire pool perimeter. The cable should pass through every grommet or every other grommet depending on the cover design. Once the cable is threaded completely around the pool, connect the ends to the winch.
Tighten the cable using the winch, pulling the cover snug against the pool. The cover should be tight enough to resist wind but not so tight that it stresses the material or pulls the air pillow out of position. The goal is even tension around the entire perimeter. After tightening, secure the winch handle to prevent it from loosening.
Final Inspection and Adjustments
After securing the cover, perform a final inspection. Walk around the pool checking that the cover is properly positioned and secured at all points. The air pillow should be visible as a peak in the cover center. The cover should have adequate overlap on all sides with no gaps where wind could penetrate. All clips or cable should be secure and properly tensioned.
Check that the cover pump (if installed) is operating and positioned correctly. Verify that all winterizing plugs are installed in the skimmer and return fittings. Ensure all pool equipment is properly winterized with drain plugs removed and stored. Make any necessary adjustments before leaving the pool for winter.
Conclusion: Protecting Your Above Ground Pool Investment
Winterizing your above ground pool with an air pillow protects your investment and ensures easy spring opening. The seven steps covered (balancing water chemistry, adding winterizing chemicals, thorough cleaning, lowering water level, installing air pillow, installing winter cover, and securing cover) provide comprehensive winter protection. The air pillow is particularly important for above ground pools, preventing ice damage that can permanently damage pool walls.
The cost of proper winterization, including chemicals, air pillow, and cover, typically ranges from $100 to $250 for DIY. This investment prevents the $500 to $2,000 cost of repairing ice damaged pool walls or replacing a damaged liner. More importantly, proper winterization means you can open your pool in spring and start swimming quickly, rather than spending weeks repairing damage and treating green water.
The air pillow is a small investment with enormous benefits. A quality air pillow costs $15 to $40 and lasts 3 to 5 years. This modest cost prevents ice damage that could destroy your pool. The pillow also makes spring opening easier by creating a peak that sheds debris and prevents water accumulation on the cover. Without an air pillow, you may find your cover sagging into the pool, filled with water and debris.
Remember that above ground pools require different winterization procedures than inground pools. Never drain an above ground pool completely, as this can cause wall collapse and liner damage. Always use an air pillow to protect against ice expansion. Secure the cover properly using clips or cable designed for above ground pools. These specific procedures ensure your above ground pool survives winter in excellent condition.
Start planning your winterization in early fall, allowing time to gather supplies and complete the process before freezing weather arrives. Do not wait until the last minute or until freezing weather forces you to close quickly. Rushed winterization often leads to skipped steps and problems. Take time to do each step properly, and your pool will reward you with trouble free winter storage and easy spring opening.
If you are uncomfortable with any aspect of winterization, particularly chemical handling or equipment winterization, consider hiring a professional pool service. The cost of professional winterization, typically $150 to $300, is modest compared to the value of guaranteed proper winterization. Professionals have the experience and equipment to winterize your pool quickly and correctly.
Document your winterization process with photos and notes. Record chemical amounts used, water chemistry readings, and any issues encountered. This documentation helps you improve the process each year and provides valuable information if problems arise. Note which products and procedures work best for your specific pool and climate.
Check your pool monthly during winter. Verify the cover remains secure and the air pillow is still in position. Remove snow accumulation over 2 to 3 inches. For solid covers, ensure the cover pump is operating. These simple checks prevent most winter problems and give you peace of mind that your pool is properly protected.
With proper winterization following these seven steps, you can confidently close your above ground pool in fall knowing it will survive winter in excellent condition. The time and money invested in proper winterization pays enormous dividends through prevented damage, easy spring opening, and years of swimming enjoyment. Protect your pool investment with proper winterization, and enjoy crystal clear water year after year.
Explore our complete selection of pool winterization supplies and accessories.
Key Takeaways:
- Balance water chemistry before closing: pH 7.2 to 7.6, alkalinity 80 to 120 ppm, calcium 175 to 250 ppm
- Add winterizing chemicals in sequence: shock, then algaecide, then stain preventer with 24 hours between each
- Clean pool thoroughly including brushing, vacuuming, and removing all debris before covering
- Lower water level to 4 to 6 inches below skimmer, never drain above ground pool completely
- Install air pillow inflated to 60 to 70% capacity and secure in pool center
- Air pillow prevents ice damage by absorbing expansion pressure and creating water shedding peak
- Install quality winter cover over air pillow ensuring adequate overlap on all sides
- Secure cover with clips every 2 to 3 feet or cable and winch system for maximum security
- Install cover pump for solid covers to remove accumulated water throughout winter
- Air pillow costs $15 to $40 and lasts 3 to 5 years providing essential ice protection
- Total DIY winterization cost $100 to $250 versus $500 to $2,000 for ice damage repairs
- Check pool monthly during winter verifying cover security and air pillow position
- Never drain above ground pool completely as this can cause wall collapse and liner damage
- Proper winterization ensures easy spring opening with clear, swim ready water
Remember that the air pillow is not optional for above ground pool winterization. It is an essential component that protects your pool from ice damage. The small investment in an air pillow prevents catastrophic damage that could destroy your pool. Combined with proper chemical treatment, thorough cleaning, and secure cover installation, the air pillow ensures your above ground pool survives winter in perfect condition. Follow these seven steps carefully, and you will enjoy years of trouble free pool ownership with easy spring openings and crystal clear water.
